Coat care: A thorough brush a couple of times a week manages the everyday shed and keeps the coat healthy. During moulting season, daily brushing removes the dead undercoat far faster than it falls out.

Seasonal coat changes: Twice a year they 'blow' their coat, losing large amounts of undercoat. It looks alarming and is entirely normal. A de-shedding tool and patience get you through it.

Bathing: They rarely need frequent baths. A bath every few months, or when genuinely dirty, is enough. Over-bathing strips natural oils.

Nails: Keep them short. Long nails change gait and stress joints. Trim regularly so the quick recedes; if you're unsure, a groomer or vet can help.

Teeth: Dental disease is common and consequential. Daily brushing is ideal; dental chews and veterinary cleanings help when brushing isn't possible.

Ears: Check weekly. Drop or semi-erect ears can trap moisture. Clean gently with a vet-recommended product if needed, and never push anything down the canal.

Brushing: It's also relationship. A calm grooming routine builds trust and gives you the chance to notice lumps, skin changes or tenderness early.